Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Customers towards Nutritional Labeling on Packaged Foods in an Urban District of Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: The rising burden of non-communicable diseases in Nepal is linked to the increased consumption of unhealthy, high-salt, high-sugar, and transfat-rich foods. Nutrition labeling can guide healthier choices, but its impact is limited by outdated
regulations and low public awareness. This study aimed to find out consumer knowledge, attitudes, and patterns of nutrition label use in Lalitpur and described variations across different socioeconomic groups to inform health policy.

Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,402 customers visiting selected supermarkets in Lalitpur District, using non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire administered via tablets, capturing socio-demographics, knowledge, attitude, and purchasing practices related to nutrition labels. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Ethical approval (Ref. No. 1340) and informed verbal consent were obtained.

Results: A total of 1339 (95.51%) respondents recognized the importance of nutritionn labeling, of whom 405 (28.89%) had good knowledge and 158 (11.27%) always used labels when purchasing food. The main barriers included difficulty in understanding label
information 1035 (73.82%) and lack of interest 791 (56.35%). Participants most commonly checked the expiration date 1191 (85.95%) and sugar content 518 (36.94%).

Conclusions: Despite favorable attitudes, actual comprehension and use of nutrition labeling remain low.